Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Cell Death Effects Induced by Sulforaphane and Allyl Isothiocyanate on P-Glycoprotein Positive and Negative Variants in L1210 Cells

doi: 10.3390/molecules25092093

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of proteins that are active in apoptosis (Bcl–2, Bax, and the members of NF-κB pathways: p50, P52 and p65) in S, R and T cells after 24 h of incubation in medium containing given concentrations of SFN or AITC. Panels A and B : Detection of proteins by Western blotting. GAPDH was used as an internal control. Data are representative of three independent measurements. Panels C and D : Densitometric quantification of protein bands from Western blots. Quantities are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. of three independent measurements of data relative to the GAPDH signal. Data differ from values obtained in cells that were not incubated in the absence of either SFN or AITC at the levels: # – p < 0.05; * – p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies against LC3B (L7543, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) diluted 1:300, Bax (N-20), Bcl2 (N-19), NFκ-B p52 (K-27), NFκ-B p50 (H-119), NFκ-B p65 (C-20), all from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA, diluted 1:100 and GAPDH (MAB374, EMD Millipore Chemicals, Billerica, MA, USA), were added to the blocking buffer containing 5% defatted milk overnight at 4 °C.

Techniques: Expressing, Incubation, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Journal of dairy science

Article Title: Sodium butyrate reduces bovine mammary epithelial cell inflammatory responses induced by exogenous lipopolysaccharide, by inactivating NF-κB signaling.

doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Effects of sodium butyrate (SB) on NF-κB signaling pathway. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) were treated with 1 µg/mL LPS for 6 h; with 0.5 mM SB for 18 h; or with 0.5 mM SB for 18 h, followed by a challenge with 1 µg/mL LPS for an additional 6 h. (A) Western blot analysis of p-IκB α, IκB α, p-p65, and p65. (B) Relative protein expression levels of p-IκB α to IκB α. (C) Relative protein expression levels of p-p65 to p65. Data from the control group were used to normalize the data of each treatment group. Comparisons among groups were calculated using a one-way ANOVA with subsequent Bonferroni correction. Data presented are mean ± SEM. Different lowercase letters in bar charts indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: Membranes were then incubated with antibodies against phosphorylatd-IκB α (p-IκB α; sc-271980, Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:5,000), IκB α (sc-166588, Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:1,000), NFκB p65 (sc-8008, Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:1,000), phosphorylatd-NF-κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65; sc-166748, Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:1,000), acetyl-H3 (8173, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA; 1:1,000), histone H3 (4499, Cell Signaling Technology; 1:1,000), and GAPDH (ab8245, Abcam, Cambridge, MA; 1:5,000) overnight at 4°C, followed by incubation with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse or anti-rabbit antibody (Boster, Wuhan, China) for 45 min at room temperature.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Nutrition

Article Title: Cannabis oil modulates liver alterations and endocannabinoid system changes in a female rat model of diet-induced MASLD

doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1770150

Figure Lengend Snippet: Liver NrF2 and NFκB p65 expression in female rats fed a reference diet (RD), sucrose-rich diet (SRD) or SRD with cannabis oil (SRD + Ca). (A) Representative photomicrographs of immunocytochemical staining NrF2 in the liver sections of rats. Decreased levels of nuclear and cytoplasmic positive markers are observed in the SRD group. Scale bar 50 μm. (B) Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of liver NrF2 expression expressed as integrated optical density (IOD). (C) Representative photomicrographs of immunocytochemical staining NFκB p65 in the liver sections of rats. Increased levels of nuclear and cytoplasmic positive markers are observed in the SRD group. Scale bar 50 μm. (D) Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of NFκB p65 expression in the liver. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM ( n = 6). Statistical differences were evaluated by one-way ANOVA followed by the Newman–Keuls post hoc test (* P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The samples were incubated in a humid chamber first with a specific primary antibody for 4-HNE (mouse monoclonal antibody; Catalog # MAB3249; R&D Systems), NrF2 (mouse monoclonal antibody; sc-365949; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), NF-κB p65 (mouse monoclonal antibody; sc-8008; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and TGF-β1 (mouse monoclonal antibody; sc-52893; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) (for 14–16 h at 4°C) and then with biotin-conjugated secondary antibody (anti-mouse, 1:100 dilution, Sigma) for 30 min at room temperature.

Techniques: Expressing, Cannabis, Staining, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Frontiers in Nutrition

Article Title: Astaxanthin alleviates altered hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in animals fed a high-sucrose diet

doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1781406

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative photomicrographs of p-NFκB p65 immunocytochemical staining in liver tissues (400 × magnification), and (B) quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of p-NFκB p65 expression in the liver of rats fed a reference diet (RD), RD plus ASTX (RD + ASTX), high-sucrose diet (HSD), and HSD plus ASTX (HSD + ASTX). Values (mean ± SEM, n = 6 ) are expressed as the in tegrated optical density (IOD). Values that do not share the same letter were significantly different ( p < 0.05) when one variable at a time was compared by two-way ANOVA. D, effect of Diet. I, effect of intervention. Int (D x I), interaction between diet x intervention. ns, not significant.

Article Snippet: The samples were incubated in a humid chamber first with a specific primary antibody for Nrf2 (mouse monoclonal antibody; sc-365949; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and p-NFκB p65 (mouse monoclonal antibody; sc-136548; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) (for 14–16 h at 4 °C) and then with biotin-conjugated secondary antibody (antimouse, 1:100 dilution, Sigma) for 30 min at room temperature.

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Nutrition

Article Title: Astaxanthin alleviates altered hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in animals fed a high-sucrose diet

doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1781406

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanisms by which ASTX modulates liver lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in HSD-fed rats. ASTX supplementation mitigates hepatic injury by reducing steatosis and triglyceride accumulation, mainly through enhanced mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (↑ CPT-1 activity) without affecting lipogenesis. In parallel, ASTX improves hepatic redox homeostasis by lowering ROS levels, increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, GST) and restoring GSH content. Increased Nrf2 and decreased p-NFκB p65 protein expression were also modulated by ASTX treatment. Solid lines indicate effects supported by the experimental data, whereas dashed lines represent suggested pathways not directly evaluated in this study.

Article Snippet: The samples were incubated in a humid chamber first with a specific primary antibody for Nrf2 (mouse monoclonal antibody; sc-365949; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and p-NFκB p65 (mouse monoclonal antibody; sc-136548; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) (for 14–16 h at 4 °C) and then with biotin-conjugated secondary antibody (antimouse, 1:100 dilution, Sigma) for 30 min at room temperature.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Application of Cinnamomum burmannii Essential Oil in Promoting Wound Healing

doi: 10.3390/molecules29092080

Figure Lengend Snippet: BEO attenuated the inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. ( A ) qPCR of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in RAW 264.7 cells that were stimulated by LPS at 24 h from different groups. ( B ) The level of IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by RAW 264.7 cells treated with BEO was determined by ELISA. ( C ) Effects of 150 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 300 μg/mL BEO on the expression of NF-κB/p-IκBα protein. ( D ) The cell typing of RAW 264.7 was detected by flow cytometry. Polarization rate ( D ) and sectional images ( E , F ) of each group are shown. n = 3. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001; ns, not significant.

Article Snippet: Monoclonal antibodies against β-actin, and NF-κB p65 were purchased from MedChemExpress Inc. (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Flow Cytometry